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版权:原创标记原创 主题:英文摘要范文 科目:本科论文 2023-12-22

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A Tentative Analysis of Informal and Privatized Patterns of Global Governance

LI Mingyue

The traditional pattern of global governance is built on a combination of hegemony and multilateralism, dominated by Western-led international organizations. Since the end of the Cold War, especially after the 2008 financial crisis, the traditional pattern of governance has suffered “governance deficit,” inadequate to address the complex and multiple pressing global issue, due to subtle as well as dramatic changes in the international power structure. Two new patterns of global governance, the “informal” and the “privatized,” have emerged, attracting global attention. The informal pattern refers to the diverse informal institutional arrangements for equal consultations among major countries on global issues, such as the Group of Twenty and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. The privatized pattern of global governance is established by non-state, market-driven authorities, which plays a role in such global issues as environmental protection and climate change. These two patterns of global governance are flexible and highly practical making up for the deficiency of the traditional pattern of governance and play a positive role in global governance. Although they also have their own defects, their future functions in global governance will be further enhanced. This has brought new opportunities and challenges for China’s participation in global governance. China needs to take advantage of these opportunities to respond to the challenges and promote the development of global governance in the direction of greater equity and democracy.

The New Development Bank’s Development and Innovation

ZHANG Haibing

The BRICS establishes the New Development Bank (NDB), but what’s new in the NDB? This paper thinks there are four new features distinguishing this financial institution. Firstly, the new identity. The BRICS countries are on the way of graduating from the World Bank and becoming shareholders of the NDB, which will add more new concepts and resources to international development cooperation. Secondly, the new governance principles. The NDB adopts an equal and sharing governance structure, and abandons the traditional unequal governance pattern based on disparate voting power. Thirdly, the new development role. The NDB is not only a coordinator but also a competitor and reformer. Fourthly, the new cooperation axis. BRICS’ cooperation is based on common development mission instead of common values, and emphasizes the effectiveness of development. For the NDB, its potential future innovation largely depends on its capabilities of addressing challenges and preparing for uncertainties, for example, financing for development and financial sustainability, expanding its social influence and building BRICS’ character, and better serving the BRICS’ interests and benefiting more developing countries.

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