原创《鲁西南地区有机种养模式下土壤重金属含量污染评价》：本文关于种养论文范文,可以做为相关论文参考文献,与写作提纲思路参考。
摘 要：
为探讨有机种养模式和常规种植模式对土壤重金属含量和污染特性的影响,在鲁西南曹县选取典型的不同年限有机种养模式农田及附近相似条件的常规种植地块,比较了土壤中Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn 5种重金属含量的差异,并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法对这5种重金属的污染程度进行评价.结果表明：所有调查点土壤重金属Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu和Zn含量都符合国家土壤质量Ⅰ级标准.和常规种植相比,有机种养模式可以降低土壤重金属Cd、Pb和Cr的含量,而随着有机种养模式年限的增加,Cu和Zn元素有积累的趋势.综合污染指数评价结果显示,调查区污染等级为警戒水平,两种模式土壤中重金属的污染水平差异不显著.潜在生态危害指数评价结果表明,所调查区存在轻微潜在生态危险,有机种养模式减轻了土壤重金属的潜在生态危害,但差异不显著.
关键词：有机种养模式；常规种植；土壤重金属；污染评价
中图分类号：S158.4+X833文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2016）08-0080-05
AbstractIn order to study the effects of conventional and organic planting and breeding modes on soil heavy metal contents and pollution characteristics, an experiment was conducted in typical organic and conventional wheat fields in Caoxian County, southwest of Shandong Province. The content differences of Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn in 0～20 cm upper soil layer were compared. In addition, the pollution levels of 5 kinds of heavy metals were assessed using single factor index method, Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method and potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that the contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in soil samples all met the national soil quality standard level I. The soil Cd, Pb and Cr contents under organic planting and breeding system were lower than those under conventional planting. Furthermore, the contents of Cu and Zn showed accumulation trends with the grown of organic planting and breeding years. The comprehensive pollution index evaluation results indicated that the heavy metal pollution degree in investigated regions were both in the alert level, and the difference between the two kinds of farming modes was not significant. The potential ecological risk index evaluation results showed that the investigated regions had light potential heavy metal ecological risk, and the organic planting and breeding system owned relatively lower ecological risk, but the difference was not significant .
KeywordsOrganic planting and breeding mode； Conventional planting； Soil heavy metal； Pollution assessment
随着人们对食品安全、生态环境的日益关注,一种可持续发展的有机农业模式逐步发展起来.有机农业是在遵循自然规律和生态学原理的基础上为人类提供健康、安全的食品,恢复土壤肥力,保护自然环境,维持生态平衡的农业体系[1].有机种植中,土壤培肥是一个重要环节,其中施用有机肥是一个重要手段[2].然而,由于有机肥原料质量的差异性较大,一旦重金属含量高的有机肥在有机农业生产体系中大量使用,就可能造成土壤的重金属污染,这是有机农业发展过程中亟需引起高度关注的问题[3].
目前对于有机农业和非有机农业土壤重金属等质量环境有一定研究[3,4],但对于有机种养模式和常规种植模式土壤重金属含量差异的研究鲜有报道.鲁西南地区种植养殖历史悠久,环境污染少,从20世纪90年代部分区域就开始发展有机种养模式.本研究以鲁西南曹县区域为代表,选择4个有机奶牛牧场的有机种养基地及周边土壤性质和种植农作物相似的常规农田为调查点,通过实地调查取样,比较了不同种植类型和不同有机种植年限土壤重金属含量的差异,并采用多种方法进行评价,旨在为有机种养模式中重金属污染的控制提供参考,促进我国农业有机种养模式的健康发展.
种养论文参考资料：
结论：鲁西南地区有机种养模式下土壤重金属含量污染评价为关于本文可作为相关专业种养论文写作研究的大学硕士与本科毕业论文十亩生态循环种养模式论文开题报告范文和职称论文参考文献资料。
