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F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F.ScottFitzgerald,1896—1940）,美国20世纪著名小说家,主要作品有《天堂的那一边》（ThisSide of Paradise,1920）、《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby,1 925）、《夜色温柔》（Tender is the Night, 1934）、《最后的巨头》（The Last Tycoon,未完成）.他的小说生动地反映了上世纪20年代“美国梦”的破灭,展示了大萧条时期美国上层社会“荒原时代”的精神面.
菲茨杰拉德的名字是沿用他的先祖弗朗西斯·斯科特·基的名字,这位先祖是美国国歌《星条旗》的创作者.菲茨杰拉德在明尼苏达州长大,1913年入读普林斯顿大学.在学校里,他虽然在文学方面是个佼佼者,但学习上却有点力不从心,最后没能毕业.1917年11月,他入伍当兵.部队驻扎在阿拉巴马州的蒙哥马利时,他遇到了阿拉巴马最高法院法官的女儿泽尔达·萨伊瑞并坠入爱河.泽尔达答应嫁给他,但后来却因为贪图钱财和享乐违背婚约.随着《天堂的那一边》的出版,菲茨杰拉德成了名人,他最终说服泽尔达嫁给了他.名利双收的菲茨杰拉德很快过起了宴饮享乐的奢侈放纵生活.同时,他又很想写一点“严肃的”东西.1924年,他带着泽尔达和女儿弗朗西斯迁居法国,完成了《了不起的盖茨比》的创作.20世纪30年代,他们的婚姻破裂：菲茨杰拉德经常面临经济窘迫的情况,开始酗酒,泽尔达精神崩溃.不过,1937年,他在好莱坞找到了一份编剧的工作.他还在那里遇到了希尔拉·葛兰姆,一个好莱坞专栏作家,他再次坠入爱河.菲茨杰拉德的余生在葛兰姆女士的陪伴下平静地度过.偶尔,他也会去东部看望泽尔达和弗朗西斯.1940年12月21日,44岁的菲茨杰拉德死于心脏病,留下一部还没写完的小说——《最后的巨头》.
菲茨杰拉德真实生活中的很多方面都在1925年出版的《了不起的盖茨比》中得到了重现.像菲茨杰拉德一样,尼克·凯拉韦是个有想法的年轻人,来自明尼苏达州,在常青藤联盟学校上过学,在战后来到纽约.杰伊·盖茨比身上也有菲茨杰拉德的影子,一样是天生敏感的青年,爱金钱,爱奢侈生活,一样是在驻军南部的时候爱上了有钱人家的女儿.下面我们来看看选自《了不起的盖茨比》中的一段.
There was music from my neighbor"shouse through the summer nights. In hisblue gardens men and girls came and wentlike moths among the whisperings and thechampagne and the stars. At high tide in theafternoon I watched his guests diving from thetower of his raft or taking the sun on the hotsand of his beach while his two motor-boats slitthe waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanesover cataracts of foam. On week-ends hisRolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearingparties to and from the city, between nine inthe morning and long past midnight, while hisstation wagon scampered like a brisk yellowbug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eightservants including an extra gardener toiledall day with mops and scrubbing-brushes andhammers and garden-shears, repairing theravages of the night before.
Every Friday five crates of orangesand lemons arrived from a fruiterer in NewYork-every Monday these same orangesand lemons left his back door in a pyramidof pulpless halves. There was a machine inthe kitchen which could extract the juice oftwo hundred oranges in half an hour, if a littlebutton was pressed two hundred times by abutler"s thumb.
At least once a fortnight a corps ofcaterers came down with several hundred feetof canvas and enough colored lights to make aChristmas tree of Gatsby"s enormous garden.On buffet tables, garnished with glisteninghors-d"oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowdedagainst salads of harlequin designs and pastrypigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold.
In the main hall a bar with a real brass railwas set up, and stocked with gins and liquorsand with cordials so long forgotten that most ofhis female guests were too young to know onefrom another.
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