原创《秸秆还田对植烟土壤酶活性细菌群落多样性影响》：本论文可用于秸秆还田论文范文参考下载，秸秆还田相关论文写作参考研究。
摘 要：为明确秸秆还田的烟田土壤微生态效应,通过3年定位试验研究了不同用量小麦及玉米秸秆还田对植烟土壤酶活性及细菌群落多样性的影响.结果表明,秸秆还田可不同程度提高土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶及脲酶活性.玉米秸秆还田的土壤蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性高于等量小麦秸秆还田处理.和对照相比,玉米及小麦秸秆中低量（4500及1500 kg/hm2）还田后土壤的细菌群落多样性下降,而高量（7500 kg/hm2）还田后则不变或稍有增加.此外,高量玉米秸秆还田和其他处理间的土壤细菌群落相似系数仅为0.57,表明其群落结构变化较大.而且低、中、高量玉米秸秆还田土壤DGGE图谱中的特异条带分别属于乳酸球菌（Lactococcus）、不可培养细菌（Uncultured bacterium）及硝化螺菌（Nitrospira）.可见,两种秸秆还田均能提高植烟土壤的蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性,且玉米秸秆在高量还田后可增加土壤细菌群落的丰度及多样性.
关键词：秸秆还田；植烟土壤；酶活性；细菌群落多样性
中图分类号：S572.062文章编号：1007-5119（2017）01-0053-06DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2017.01.009
Abstract：In order to understand the soil micro-ecological effects of different straw returning in tobacco fields,a three-year field trial was conducted to study the effect of different amount of wheat straw and maize straw returning on soil enzyme activities and soil bacterial community diversity. The results indicated that the activities of soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase and urease were all promoted in a certain degree by straw returning. The activities of soil invertase and unease in maize straw returning were higher than those in wheat straw returning at the same amount. The soil bacterial communities were both decreased in low （1500 kg/ha） and middle （4500 kg/ha） amount of maize and wheat straw retuning compared with CK, while they remained unchanged or increased slightly in high （7500 kg/ha） amount of straw returning. The similarity coefficient of soil bacterial communities between the 7500 kg/ha maize straw retuning treatment and other treatments was only 0.57, which indicated that its soil bacterial community structure changed greatly. Furthermore, some specific bands were found in DGGE band spectrums with low, middle and high amount of maize straw returning.They were identified as Lactococcus, Uncultured bacterium and Nitrospira individually by band cloning and sequencing. In total, both of maize and wheat straw returning could improve soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activities. High amount of maize straw could increase the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities in tobacco planting fields.
Keywords：straw returning； tobacco planting field； soil enzyme activity； soil bacterial community diversity
黃淮烟区是我国传统的优质烟叶产区,近年来由于大量化学肥料的施用,有机物料投入不足,导致了烟田土壤出现板结和酸化、有机质下降、养分失调等一系列土壤退化问题,这在一定程度上制约了土壤质量及烟叶品质的提升[1].和此同时,黄淮烟区作为两年三熟制粮食作物的主产区,每年产生的大量小麦及玉米秸秆常被闲置或焚烧,极易造成资源的浪费及严重的环境污染问题.而秸秆本身作为一种重要的有机物料,合理还田后不仅能够增加土壤有机质,改良土壤结构,而且能促进土壤微生物的生长繁殖,改善土壤微环境[2].因此,开展秸秆在烟田的还田工作,不仅能够促进当地有机物料的资源化利用,有效减少大气污染,而且在改良烟田土壤、发展循环烟草农业方面具有重要意义.
秸秆还田论文参考资料：
结论：秸秆还田对植烟土壤酶活性细菌群落多样性影响为关于秸秆还田方面的的相关大学硕士和相关本科毕业论文以及相关秸秆还田旋耕一体机论文开题报告范文和职称论文写作参考文献资料下载。
