原创《儿科药品不良反应分析其临床合理用药》：这是一篇与药品不良反应论文范文相关的免费优秀学术论文范文资料,为你的论文写作提供参考。
[摘 要] 目的 探究兒科药品的不良反应分析及其临床合理用药. 方法 回顾性分析2016年3月—2017年3月,该院收治的72例儿科住院患者,统计其临床病历资料,以及产生用药不良反应患儿.结果 发生药物不良反应的患儿共21例（29.17%）,其中有4例患儿存在药物不良反应史.主要药品不良反应临床表现：肾脏损害3例,占14.28%；皮肤及附件的不良反应 14例（66.66%）,如荨麻疹、多形性红斑、皮疹、斑丘疹等；腹泻、呕吐1例（4.76%）；肝功能损害3例（14.28%）.静脉给药的比例最高（46/72）63.89%,口服给药（18/72）例（25.00%）,肌内注射给药（8/72）例（11.11%）.未有发生肌内注射药物不良反应,口服给药发生4例（19.05%）,静脉注射发生17例（80.95%）.使用儿童慎用或禁用药物占4例（19.05%）,临床用药超出患儿承受范围,用药剂量过大有15例（71.43%）,药物的配伍使用不合理有2例（9.52%）.在所有21例用药不良反应患儿中,病情好转的有3例（14.29%）,治愈的有18例（85.71%）. 结论 影响药物不良反应的因素,有不同给药途径、药物的配伍不合理、剂量使用过大、抗菌药物使用不合理,所以,需避免药物不良反应的发生,重视儿科临床合理用药.
[关键词] 不良反应；儿科药品；合理用药
[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2017）11（c）-0145-03
[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to explore adverse drug reaction and rational drug use in pediatric medicine. Methods 72 cases of pediatric inpatients admitted to this hospital from March 2016 to March 2017 were analyzed, and the clinical data of children were statistically analyzed, and the adverse drug reactions were analyzed. Data processing was used for descriptive statistical analysis and SPSS 13.0 software was used. Results There were 21 cases （29.17%） with adverse drug reactions, among which there were 4 cases with adverse drug reaction history. The clinical manifestations of adverse drug reactions were： renal damage in 3 cases （14.28%）. The adverse reactions of skin and appendages were 14 cases （66.66%）, such as urticaria, erythema, rash, maculopapule, etc. 1 case of diarrhea and vomiting （4.76 %）； Liver function damage in 3 cases （14.28 %）. The proportion of intravenous administration was highest （ 46/72 ） 63.89 %, oral administration （18/72） cases （25.00%）, intramuscular injection （8/72） cases （11.11%）. There were no adverse reactions of intramuscular injection, 4 cases （19.05%） and 17 cases （80.95%） of intravenous injection. 4 cases （19.05%） used forbidden drugs, the clinical medication was beyond the scope of the patient, and there were 15 cases （71.43%） in the dosage of drugs, and 2 cases （9.52%） were not reasonable in the compatibility of drugs. In all 21 cases of adverse drug reactions, 3 cases （14.29%） were improved and 18 cases （85.71%） were cured. Conclusion The factors influencing adverse drug reactions are different, such as the administration, unreasonable compatibility of drugs, excessive use of doses and unreasonable use of antibiotics. Therefore, it is needed to avoid the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, to pay attention to the rational use of medicine in pediatrics.
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