原创《海南五指山国家级自然保护区石松类和蕨类植物区系》：本文是一篇关于石松论文范文，可作为相关选题参考,和写作参考文献。
摘 要 五指山国家级自然保护区位于海南岛中南部腹地山区,其石松类和蕨类植物区系目前尚未系统研究.在野外调查、标本鉴定和文献整理的基础上,对其区系进行研究.结果表明,五指山石松类和蕨类植物区系由28科95属288种（及种下分类单位）组成,优势科有6科,分别为水龙骨科、凤尾蕨科、鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科、铁角蕨科、金星蕨科.该区区系地理成分复杂,其中热带性科、属、种的比例分别为100%、91.2%、84.7%,显示出该区系明显的热带性质.从种的层次来看,热带亚洲分布类型是五指山石松类和蕨类植物区系的显著成分,该区系尤其和中南半岛的石松类和蕨类区系有密切联系,此外,该区系兼有一定的东亚成分和少量的海南特有成分.和7个邻近地区的石松类和蕨类区系比较,和鹦哥岭亲缘最密切,和尖峰岭的亲缘关系次之,再次为云开山、弄岗、赣江源,而和独龙江地区、麻阳河亲缘较远.五指山自然保護区分布着珍稀的石松类和蕨类植物,9种为国家二级保护植物,4种为受威胁程度达到极危的植物.
关键词 五指山；石松类；蕨类植物；区系；海南
中图分类号 Q948 文献标识码 A
Abstract Wuzhishan National Nature Reserve, was located in the hinterland of south central Hainan, the analysis of lycophytes and ferns flora had not been acquainted. Using the methods of field investigations, specimen collection and identification, and literatures review, the lycophytes and ferns flora was studied. The results showed that there were 288 species（including subspecies and variety）of 95 genera in 28 families. The dominant families were Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Athyriaceae, Aspleniaceae, and Thelypteridaceae. Among its floristic elements, the tropical distribution elements of lycophytes and ferns families, genera and species were account for 100%, 91.2%, 84.7% of the total in Wuzhishan（Cosmopolitan excluded）, so it showed that this lycophytes and ferns flora had stronger tropical nature. At the level of species, the tropical Asia element was dominant, thus it indicated that the Wuzhishan fern flora has close affinity with the Asian tropical flora, especially the Indochina flora. In additon, this flora also had some East Asia species and a few local endemic species. Compared with the flora of seven neighboring areas, the Wuzhishan fern flora was much more closely allied to Yinggeling, following by Jianfengling, Yunkai Shan and Ganjiangyuan, while it had a weak relationship with Dulongjiang and Mayanghe. Nine fern species were under ClassⅡNational Protection, and four species were critically endangered in the area.
Key words Wuzhishan； lycophytes； ferns； flora； Hainan
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.04.006
传统上蕨类植物（pteridophytes）分为拟蕨类（fern allies）和真蕨类（ferns）,拟蕨类包括松叶蕨类（whisk ferns）、石松类（lycopods）、木贼类（horsetails）,而基于分子证据的研究表明石松类（包括石松科、水韭科、卷柏科）是维管植物分化最早的类群,即传统上的蕨类植物并非单系群,除石松类以外所有的维管植物（包括现代蕨类ferns和种子植物Spermatophytes）和石松类互为姐妹群[1].
某一地区植物区系的现状是植物界自身演化、时空分布和自然历史环境相互作用的结果,对其研究有助于理解植物类群的起源和系统演化[2].中国石松类和蕨类植物区系在不同的地域尺度上已开展研究,中国有石松类和蕨类植物2 270种[3],占世界石松类和蕨类总种数的近五分之一；中国石松类和蕨类含物种数最多的科为鳞毛蕨科,其次为蹄盖蕨科、水龙骨科、凤尾蕨科、金星蕨科,这5科包含的物种占中国石松类和蕨类总种数的69.74%[3].中国石松类和蕨类植物种的分布区类型以中国-喜马拉雅分布（40.86%）、热带亚洲分布（30.95%）、东亚分布（12.77%）和中国-日本分布（8.24%）为主体,反映中国石松类和蕨类区系成分的热带亲缘[4].
石松论文参考资料：
结论：海南五指山国家级自然保护区石松类和蕨类植物区系为关于对写作石松论文范文与课题研究的大学硕士、相关本科毕业论文石松书法一平尺多钱论文开题报告范文和相关文献综述及职称论文参考文献资料下载有帮助。
