原创《交通呼吸带污染物和健康效应评估》：该文是关于污染物论文范文，为你的论文写作提供相关论文资料参考。
[摘 要] 目的 随着工业化进程的迅猛发展和城市汽车保有量的急剧膨胀,城市大气污染已成为人们关注的焦点.汽车尾气排出的气体（CO、NOx、 SOx、臭氧等）和PM 2.5颗粒物（碳黑、焦油、金属等）均会对人体和呼吸系统造成危害. 作为一个特殊的职业群体,随着城市的不断扩张,从业人数不断增长,受汽车尾气污染造成的危害也越来越严重,特别是尾气中PM 2.5浓度、铅、CO、NOx、 SOx、臭氧对 的危害越来越受到人们的关注,为探讨交通 呼吸带空气污染状况对健康的影响,进行了相关的研究,并提出防治对策.方法 选取警龄在1年以上,在公路一线交通要道值勤,无其他职业性铅接触史的交通 按照国家标准进行血铅、尿铅、相关污染物、健康指标检测,以离交通要道较远的某大学学校的无铅接触史的师生为对照组.结果 交警血铅、尿铅水平均数分别为96.76 μg/L和6.81 μg/L,對照组师生的血铅、尿铅水平均数为59.12 μg/L和4.93 μg/L,两者差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）,表明交通*这一特殊的职业受铅污染是严重的；城区5个有代表性的交通路口执勤岗点污染物监测指标均有不同程度的超标,且结果均远高于对照点结果,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）,早中晚上下班高峰浓度明显高于上午10：00和下午15：00时间段浓度,两者差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）；肺功能、纯音听阈的测试与对照组Pearson χ2检验,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；交警与对照组神经系统、呼吸系统患病情况比较与对照比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）.结论 空气污染物浓度高低对人体造成的危害与汽车尾气排放PM 2.5浓度、铅、CO、NOx、 SOx、臭氧相关.
[关键词] ；空气污染物PM2.5；健康研究
[中图分类号] R135 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2018）03（a）-0148-04
Traffic Police Respiratory Pollutants and Health Effects Evaluation
DING Yong-xia1, YIN Bao-hua2
1.Heze Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Heze, Shandong Province, 274000 China； 2.Heze College, Heze, Shandong Province, 274015 China
[Abstract] Objective With the rapid development of industrialization and the rapid expansion of urban car ownership, urban air pollution has become the focus of attention. Car exhaust gas （CO, NOx, SOx, ozone, etc.） and PM 2.5 particles （carbon black, tar, metal, etc.） can cause harm to the human body and respiratory system. Police as a special occupational group, with the continuous expansion of the city, the number of employees is increasing, and the harm caused by automobile exhaust pollution is also more and more serious. In particular, the concentration of PM 2.5, lead, CO, NOx, SOx, ozone to the police is attracting more and more attention. In order to discuss the health impact of the air pollution status of the traffic police breathing zone, some related researches are carried out and some countermeasures are put forward. Methods The traffic police who have a history of more than one year and are on the first-line traffic thoroughfare on the highway have no history of occupational lead exposure. Blood and lead levels, urine lead, related pollutants and health indicators are tested in accordance with national standards. Teachers and students with a history of lead-free exposure at a certain university school further away were the control group. Results The mean levels of blood lead and urinary lead in traffic police were 96.76 μg/L and 6.81μg/L, respectively. The average levels of blood lead and urinary lead in the control group were 59.12 μg/L and 4.93 μg/ L, both of which were significant（P<0.001）, indicating that this special occupational traffic police is seriously polluted by lead. The monitoring indicators of the five representative traffic junctions on urban areas have varying degrees of oversight, and the results are far higher, there was a significant difference（P<0.001）. The peak concentration of morning and evening rush hour was significantly higher than that of 10：00 and 15：00（P<0.001）. Pulmonary function, pure tone hearing threshold test and the control group Pearson Chi-square test（P<0.05）, the difference was statistically significant； traffic police and control group of nervous system, respiratory disease compared with the control group（P<0.05）, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The harm to human body caused by the concentration of air pollutants is related to PM 2.5 concentration, lead, CO, NOx, SOx and ozone in vehicle exhaust .
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