原创《被动语态讲解》：本论文为您写被动语态毕业论文范文和职称论文提供相关论文参考文献，可免费下载。
英语中的及物动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.如：
We should plant many trees on the mountains.（主动）
我们应该在山上种许多树.
Many trees should be planted on the mountains.（被动）
应该在山上种许多树.
汉语中,我们常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词表示被动,而英语中的被动语态是怎样构成的呢?我们一起往下看.
被动语态的构成
总的来说,被动语态的构成为：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词.被动语态中,助动词be随主语人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化,具体时态形式见下表：被动语态的用法
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,此时往往不用by短语.
This statue was created 500 years ago.
这个雕塑创作于500年前.
2.突出或强调动作的承受者或事件本身,如果需要说出动作的执行者,使用by短语.
All the employees except the manager are required to work online at home.
除了经理外所有的员工都被要求在家网上办公.
These songs were composed by Mozart.
这些曲子是由莫扎特创作的.
3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时,这时常用in+名词做状语,而不用by短语.
More than 20, 000 cars will be produced each year in this factory.
每年,超过20 000辆汽车将在这个工厂生产.
4.“get+过去分词”可表示被动,此结构比较口语化.
Some glasses got broken when we were moving.
我们搬家的时候有些玻璃杯被打碎了.
主动形式表示被动意义
1.“系动词look, sound, feel, ell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep+形容词/名词”构成系表结构.
-Do you like the material?
-Yes, it feels very soft.
——你喜欢这种材料吗?
——是的,它摸起来很柔软.
2.表示主语的某种属性特征的不及物动词,
如 read,write, sell, wash, clean,wear, open, cook, lock, shut等,可用主动形式表示被动含义.
No matter how hard he tried, the door wouldn"t open.
不管他怎么努力开门,门就是打不开.
Books of this kind sell well.
这种书很畅销.
3.动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时,后接不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式意义相同.
This old house wants painting.等于 This old house wants to painted.
这座1日房子需要油漆.
This wall needs repairing.等于 This wall needs to be repaired.
这面墙需要修理.
Those flowers requires watering.等于 Those flowers requires to be watered.
这些花朵需要浇水.
真题演练
1. If city noises _________ from increasing , people _________ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A. are not kept； will he to
B. are not kept； he
C. do not keep； will he to
D. do not keep； he to
2. The squirrel was very lucky and it just missed _________.
A. catching
B. to be caught
C. being caught
D. to catch
3. -_________the sports meet might be put off.
-Yes , it all depends on the weather.
A. l"ve been told
B. l"ve told
C. I"m told
D. I told
4. I need one more stamp before my collection______.
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
5. Rainforests ______ and burned at sucha speed that they will disappear from the earthin the near future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
1.A.句意為：如果城市里的噪音不被阻止继续增长的话,那么人们吃饭时只能互相吼叫才能被听见.第一空考的的是keep sb./sth.from doing,转换为被动为sb./sth. be kept fromdoing；第二空考查时态,根据前文的if和句意可知,此处表示趋势,用将来时.
2.C.句意为：这只松鼠很幸运,它刚才没有被抓住.squirrel与catch之间为被动关系,而miss后接动名词或名词,故此处填beingcaught充当句子的宾语.
3.A.句意为：——我已经被告知运动会可能会被推迟.——是的,这取决于天气.此处考查完成时态的被动语态.
4.D.句意为：在我的*完成前,我需要更多的邮票.此处考查的是before时间状语后一般现在时态的被动.根据前文动词need,可以知道后面应使用一般现在时态.
5.C.句意为：热带雨林正在被以如此快的速度砍伐和烧毁,以至于它们将会在不远的将来会在地球上消失.根据后文中will disappear可知雨林的消失是未来,所以砍伐的动作是此阶段正在进行的,此处考查进行时态的被动语态.
被动语态论文参考资料：
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